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Etymologicum Magnum
''Etymologicum Magnum'' ((ギリシア語:Ἐτυμολογικὸν Μέγα)) (standard abbreviation ''EM'') is the traditional title of a Greek lexical encyclopedia compiled at Constantinople by an unknown lexicographer around AD 1150. It is the largest Byzantine lexicon and draws on many earlier grammatical, lexical and rhetorical works. Its main sources were two previous ''etymologica'', the so-called ''Etymologicum Genuinum'' and the ''Etymologicum Gudianum''. Other sources include Stephanus of Byzantium, the ''Epitome'' of Diogenianus, the so-called ''Lexicon'' Αἱμωδεῖν, Eulogius’ Ἀπορίαι καὶ λύσεις, George Choeroboscus’ ''Epimerismi ad Psalmos'', the ''Etymologicon'' of Orion of Thebes, and collections of ''scholia''.〔Reitzenstein (1897), 248–253, 351–352; Sturz (1820)〕 The compilator of the ''Etymologicum Magnum'' was not a mere copyist; rather he amalgamated, reorganised, augmented and freely modified his source material to create a new and individual work.
The ''editio princeps'' of the ''Etymologicum Magnum'' was published by Zacharias Kallierges and Nikolaos Vlastos under the patronage of Anna Notaras at Venice in 1499. The type face was designed and cut by Kallierges, modeled on his own handwriting. The decorative initial letters and headpieces are patterned on the decorations of the Byzantine manuscript tradition, and the woodcut borders incorporate elaborate arabesque designs, usually colored white on red, but also white on gold. The decorations of the Kallierges edition had a great influence in printing, especially on Greek liturgical books.〔Ecro Layton, ''Five Centuries of Books and Manuscripts in Modern Greek: A Catalogue of an Exhibition at the Houghton Library December 4, 1987 through February 17, 1988'' (Cambridge: Harvard College Library, 1990), pp. 39-41〕
The most recent complete edition is by Thomas Gaisford (Oxford 1848).〔T. Gaisford (ed.), ''Etymologicum Magnum'' (Oxford 1848; repr. Amsterdam 1965)〕 A new (uncompleted) edition is in preparation by F. Lasserre and N. Livadaras (under the title ''Etymologicum Magnum Auctum'').〔F. Lasserre and N. Livadaras (eds.), ''Etymologicum Magnum Genuinum, Symeonis Etymologicum una cum Magna Grammatica, Etymologicum Magnum Auctum'', vol. 1 (Rome 1976); 2 (Athens 1992)〕
==References==
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